{"id":1216,"date":"2015-01-24T12:50:57","date_gmt":"2015-01-24T10:50:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/?p=1216"},"modified":"2023-12-26T11:36:59","modified_gmt":"2023-12-26T09:36:59","slug":"tiraspol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/tiraspol\/","title":{"rendered":"Tiraspol"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tiraspol<\/b>\u00a0(IPA:\u00a0[t\u026a\u02c8rasp\u0259l]<\/span>;\u00a0Russian\u00a0and\u00a0Ukrainian: \u0422\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c,\u00a0Romanian pronunciation:\u00a0<\/small>[ti\u02c8raspol]<\/span>) is internationally recognised as the second largest city in\u00a0Moldova, but is effectively the capital and administrative centre of the unrecognized\u00a0Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria). The city is located on the eastern bank of the\u00a0Dniester River. Tiraspol is a regional hub of\u00a0light industry, such as furniture and electrical goods production.<\/p>\n

The modern city of Tiraspol was founded by the Russian\u00a0generalissimo\u00a0Alexander Suvorov\u00a0in 1792, although the area had been inhabited for thousands of years by varying ethnic groups.\u00a0The city celebrates its anniversary every year on October 14.<\/p>\n

Pre-history<\/h3>\n

Tyras\u00a0(\u03a4\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2), also spelled\u00a0Tiras<\/i>, was a colony of the\u00a0Greek\u00a0city\u00a0Miletus, probably founded about 600\u00a0BC, situated some 10 kilometres (6 miles). from the mouth of the Tiras River (Dniester). Of no great importance in early times in the 2nd century BC, it fell under the dominion of\u00a0indigenous\u00a0kings whose names appear on its coins. It was destroyed by the\u00a0Getae\u00a0about 50 BC.<\/p>\n

In 56 AD the\u00a0Romans\u00a0restored the city and made it part of the colonial province of\u00a0Lower Moesia. A series of its coins exist that feature heads of Roman emperors from\u00a0Domitian\u00a0to\u00a0Severus Alexander. Soon after the time of the latter, the city was destroyed again, this time by the invasion of the\u00a0Goths. Its government was in the hands of five\u00a0archons, a\u00a0senate, a popular assembly and a\u00a0registrar. The images on its coins from this period suggest a trade in wheat, wine and fish. The few inscriptions extant are mostly concerned with trade.<\/p>\n

Such ancient\u00a0archeological\u00a0remains are scanty, as the city site was built over by the great\u00a0medieval\u00a0fortress of Monocastro orAkkerman.\u00a0During the\u00a0Middle Ages, the area around Tiraspol was a buffer zone between the\u00a0Tatars\u00a0and the Moldavians, and inhabited by both\u00a0ethnic\u00a0groups.<\/p>\n

Foundation<\/h3>\n

The\u00a0Russian Empire\u00a0conquered its way to the\u00a0Dniester\u00a0River, taking territory from the\u00a0Ottoman Empire. In 1792, the\u00a0Russian army\u00a0built some fortifications to guard the western border near a Moldavian village named\u00a0Sucleia. Field Marshal\u00a0Alexander Suvorov\u00a0is considered the founder of modern Tiraspol; his statue is city’s most distinctive landmark. The city was named after\u00a0Tyras<\/i>, the\u00a0Greek\u00a0name of the Dniester River on which it was built.<\/p>\n

In 1828 the Russian government established a customs house in Tiraspol to try to suppress\u00a0smuggling. The customs house was subordinated to the chief of the\u00a0Odessa\u00a0customs region. It began operations with 14 employees. They inspected shipments of bread, paper, oil, wine, sugar, fruits and other goods.<\/p>\n\n

Soviet Tiraspol<\/h3>\n

After the Russian Revolution, the\u00a0Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic\u00a0was created in\u00a0Ukraine\u00a0in 1924, with\u00a0Balta\u00a0as its capital. The republic had\u00a0Romanian,\u00a0Ukrainian\u00a0and\u00a0Russian\u00a0as its official languages. Its capital was moved in 1929 to Tiraspol, which remained the capital of the Moldavian ASSR until 1940.<\/p>\n

In 1940, following the secret provisions of the\u00a0Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the USSR forced Romania to cede Bessarabia. It integrated Tiraspol, until then part of the\u00a0Ukrainian SSR, into the newly formed\u00a0Moldavian SSR. On August 7, 1941, following the\u00a0Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, the city was taken over by\u00a0Romanian troops. During the occupation, Tiraspol was under Romanian administration. During that period almost all of its Jewish population died: they were slain in place or deported to German Nazi\u00a0death camps, where they were murdered.<\/p>\n

In 1941 before the occupation, the newspaper\u00a0Dnestrovskaya Pravda<\/i>\u00a0was founded by the Tiraspol City Council of popular deputies. This is the oldest periodical publication in the region. On April 12, 1944, the city was retaken by the\u00a0Red Army\u00a0and became again part of Moldavian SSR.<\/p>\n

After independence<\/h3>\n

On January 27, 1990, the citizens in Tiraspol passed a\u00a0referendum\u00a0declaring the city as an\u00a0independent territory. The nearby city ofBendery\u00a0also declared its independence from\u00a0Moldova. As the\u00a0Russian-speaking\u00a0independence movement gained momentum, some local governments banded together to resist pressure from the Moldovan government for nationalization.<\/p>\n

On September 2, 1990, Tiraspol was proclaimed the capital of the new\u00a0Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic. The new republic was not officially recognized by Soviet authorities; however, it received support from some important Soviet leaders, such asAnatoly Lukyanov. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the territory east of the Dniester River declared independence as the\u00a0Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic\u00a0(PMR), with Tiraspol as its capital. It was not recognized by the international community.<\/p>\n

On July 1, 2005, the Lucian Blaga Lyceum, a high school with Romanian as its language of instruction, was registered as a Transnistrian non-governmental establishment. The registration of\u00a0six Romanian language schools\u00a0has been the subject of negotiations with the government since 2000. The tension increased in the summer of 2004, when the Transnistrian authorities forcibly closed the schools that used the\u00a0Moldovan language\u00a0in the\u00a0Latin script. According to the official PMR view, this is considered as\u00a0Romanian. Moldovan, written in the\u00a0Cyrillic script, is one of the three official languages in the PMR; Romanian is not. Some economic measures and counter-measures were taken on both banks of the Dniester.<\/p>\n

Tensions have been expressed in\u00a0terrorist\u00a0incidents. On July 6, 2006, an explosion, believed to be caused by a bomb, killed at least eight people in a minibus.\u00a0On August 13, 2006, a grenade explosion in a\u00a0trolleybus\u00a0killed two and injured ten.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tiraspol\u00a0(IPA:\u00a0[t\u026a\u02c8rasp\u0259l];\u00a0Russian\u00a0and\u00a0Ukrainian: \u0422\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c,\u00a0Romanian pronunciation:\u00a0[ti\u02c8raspol]) is internationally recognised as the second largest [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4656,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-attractions-moldova"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1216"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14962,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216\/revisions\/14962"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hellobucovina.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}